The atomic mass is carried by the atomic nucleus, which occupies only about 10 -12 of the total volume of the atom or less, but it contains all the positive charge and at least 99.95% of the total mass of the atom. Since the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance, it is obvious, the density of a substance strongly depends on its atomic mass and also on the atomic number density (N atoms/cm 3), Density – Atomic Mass and Atomic Number Density
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The Standard English unit is pounds mass per cubic foot ( lbm/ft 3). The standard SI unit is kilograms per cubic meter ( kg/m 3). In words, the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance. It is an intensive property, which is mathematically defined as mass divided by volume: Typical densities of various substances are at atmospheric pressure.ĭensity is defined as the mass per unit volume. This fact has key implications for the building up of the periodic table of elements. The ordering of the electrons in the ground state of multielectron atoms, starts with the lowest energy state (ground state) and moves progressively from there up the energy scale until each of the atom’s electrons has been assigned a unique set of quantum numbers. It is the Pauli exclusion principle that requires the electrons in an atom to occupy different energy levels instead of them all condensing in the ground state. In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z. The number of electrons in each element’s electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior. The configuration of these electrons follows from the principles of quantum mechanics. The chemical properties of the atom are determined by the number of protons, in fact, by number and arrangement of electrons. See also: Atomic Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Atomic Number and Chemical PropertiesĮvery solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. It is the electrons that are responsible for the chemical bavavior of atoms, and which identify the various chemical elements. In a neutral atom there are as many electrons as protons moving about nucleus. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10 -19 coulombs. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. The atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of rapidly moving electrons. Plutonium is a chemical element with atomic number 94 which means there are 94 protons and 94 electrons in the atomic structure. K) 46.7 Thermal Conductivity 6 Specific Heat 0.13 Heat of Fusion 2.84 Heat of Vaporization 344 Atomic Number of Plutonium.
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Wohl Thermal properties Melting Point 640 Boiling Point 3230 Thermal Expansion µm/(m Plutonium – Properties Element Plutonium Atomic Number 94 Symbol Pu Element Category Rare Earth Metal Phase at STP Synthetic Atomic Mass 244 Density at STP 19.816 Electron Configuration 5f6 7s2 Possible Oxidation States +3,4,5,6 Electron Affinity - Electronegativity 1.28 1st Ionization Energy 6.06 Year of Discovery 1940 Discoverer Glenn T.